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<article xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/xsd/JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3.xsd" dtd-version="1.1" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">BMT</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Biomaterials Translational</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn>TBA</issn><eissn>2096-112X</eissn><publisher><publisher-name>Biomaterials Translational</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12336/biomatertransl.2021.04.006</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Review</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title>Mesenchymal stem cells and COVID-19: the process of discovery and of translation</title><url>https://artdesignp.com/journal/BMT/2/4/10.12336/biomatertransl.2021.04.006</url><author>CaplanArnold I.</author><pub-date pub-type="publication-year"><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>4</issue><history><date date-type="pub"><published-time>2021-12-28</published-time></date></history><abstract>Mesenchymal stem cells were developed as a cell-based therapeutic in the 1990&amp;rsquo;s. The translation of culture expanded mesenchymal stem cells from a basic science focus into a modern therapeutic has taken 30 years. The current state of the basic science information argues that mesenchymal stem cells may be curative for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Indeed, early small-scale clinical trials have shown positive results. The issue raised is how to assemble the resources to get this cell-based therapy approved for clinical use. The technology is complex, the COVID-19 viral infections are life threatening, the cost is high, but human life is precious. What will it take to perfect this potentially curative technology?</abstract><keywords>COVID-19 ; discovery research ; mesenchymal stem cell ; translation</keywords></article-meta></front><body/><back><ref-list><ref id="B1" content-type="article"><label>1</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><p>1. Caplan, A. I. Mesenchymal stem cells. J Orthop Res. 1991, 9, 641-650. &amp;nbsp;2. 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